Change and Continuity in Canada

                WWI, WWII, the Cold war, and beyond gave time for Canada to grow as a country. Some things that were previously set up as rule and regulation changed, while other things stayed the same. Since Canada is independent, but still under British rule, its urbanization is similar to the United Kingdom.

                In the late 1800's, Canada had recently broke free from British reign and became newly independent. They kept the same British rules and closely followed British actions throughout the many wars. Canada has kept up its economy and has advanced it tremendously.

                Among the things that have stayed the same, Canada had also changed dramatically. After WWI, the education system greatly improved by allowing veterans to receive free college education. This, in turn, opened the idea to new manufacturing and better quality war products. Canada’s army had got a copious amount of new enlistees to serve their country.in 1961, all provinces in Canada created the free healthcare act to allow all citizens free healthcare.

                In conclusions, Canada had grown from the tragic events of the 20^th century, and has greatly evolved from it. Canada has become one of the leading oil producers in the world, supplying many different nations. Without the education change after WWI, Canada might not have had this. 

Quebec vs. Canada

                In Canada, the time period post WWII allowed this country to boom economically and independently. This was also the time where issues from the past began to arouse. There was a heavy tension between those who spoke French and those who spoke English. This almost led to a separation of a territory and a loss of the French language in Canada.

                During WWI when war manuals were being issued out to those enlisted, those who spoke French noticed that the manuals were only written in English. Canada was split with half of its population speaking English and the other half speaking French. The majority of Canada spoke English though, so the war manuals were written in that language. This aggravated the French, but there was nothing they could do during this time since there was a war to be fought.

In 1960, Quebec, the predominant region where most French speakers lived, started a “quiet revolution” against all of Canada. This led to a surge in Quebec nationalism and a desire to break free from Canada. Before this “quiet revolution,” Quebec got most of its resources from outside sources. They started building more oil fields and hydro efficient factories to try to manage on their own.

In 1970, a militant separatist group in Quebec called FLQ, kidnapped a British diplomat and murders Quebec cabinet minister. This was also known as the October Crisis. This militant group was rising up against the government and caused fear among Canadians. They feared a terrorist attack might happen.

Then, in 1976, the “Parti Quebecois” under Rene Levesque wins Quebec provincial election. Levesque adopted the idea that the French language should be the only and official language of Quebec. His idea won the election, now making French the official language of that province. Levesque wanted to keep going so he then made the idea of separating from Canada. In 1980, however, this idea was turned down. Finally, in 1981, Quebec banned all public signs that were written in English. 

"Quiet Revolution." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 27 May 2013. Web. 27 May 2013. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quiet_Revolution>.

"Parti Quebecois (political Party, Canada)." Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 27 May 2013. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/444934/Parti-Quebecois>.

"20th Century Canadian History." Your Canada. N.p., n.d. Web. 27 May 2013. <http://yourcanada.ca/history/20th-century-canadian-history/>.

News, CBC. "Speaking Out: Quebec's Debate over Language Laws." CBCnews. CBC/Radio Canada, 22 Oct. 2009. Web. 27 May 2013. <http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/story/2009/10/22/f-quebec-language-laws-bill-101.html>.

Cold War

1) USA and USSR, nuclear weapons

2) Churchill said that the iron curtain is the soviets control over everyone

3) Berlin Wall, separated east from west Germany

4) Hungarians revolutionized against the soviets, Hungary led the revolt and were successful, Hungarians tore out the coat of arms of the Soviets

5) chezchosalvakians wanted to be free so they started rebelling against the Russians, they were successful

6)MAD Theory-nuclear deterrence holding that neither side will attack the other if both sides are guaranteed to be totally destroyed in the conflict

SALT Treaty- strategic arms limitation talks

ICBMs- intercontinental ballistic missile

ABMs- anti ballistic missile

Nuclear Test Ban Treaty- UK banned missile testing

7) US, USSR, UK, France, China

9) USA: 1030. USSR: 715

10) underground is most frequent

11) 2046

12) USA

13) no

14) USSR and USA won't fight

1) Cuba is very close to the USA

2) didn't want to start a war

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Pacific Theatre

1) treaties gaining land over Lioadong peninsula, south half Sakhalin island, harsher occupation, Japan invades parts of China

2) full scale invasion of China in 1937. I believe this was one of the catalysts that was the "last straw" before WWII

3) the Japanese and the Nazis slowly gained land over a few years. The Japanese, however, were more brutal when they were taking over the land. They were very hostile.

4) the battle of Nanking was so brutal because at least 300,000 people died

5) The Japanese military would never stop fighting until they were all killed. This made them intimidating because of their persistence. Other countries might have enforced these words too so their soldiers would defend their country with more pride. The Japanese may have treated those that they captured with extreme punishment because the prisoner is from another country.

 

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Never Again?

I. After the war, many of the Nazis were sentences to death or ordered to be hanged. Some were to only serve a prison sentence

II.

A) the large Jewish population in Kielce were murdered

B) July 4, 1946

C) this attack was due to. Non-Jewish boy who wander off from his home for a few days, and once he returned, he told his parents and the police that he was kidnapped by Jews and kept in the basement. This angers hundreds of Poles and non-Jews and caused them to go to the Jewsih building and kill them.

D) the disturbing fact was that none of the child's accusations were true, yet they killed innocent Jews

After the attack, 75,000 Jews left that part of Poland

III.

Stages of Genocide	Summary of Each Stage	The Holocaust	Darfur Genocide
1. Classification	Ethnicity, race, religion	Jewish religion	African groups
2. Symbolization	Name given to above classification	"Jews"	Fur, Maasalit, Zaghawa
3.Dehumanization	Hate propaganda	Shape if a 6 from their nose	exploiting weaknesses
4. Organization	Special military groups created by government	SSR	Janjaweed
5. Polarization	Driving groups apart	Warsaw Ghetto, separation from streets, wearing Star of David on arm	Sudanese government exploited differences among groups
6. Preparation	Death lists created	Concentration camps, death lists	Arabs attacked African groups
7. Extermination	Killing victims	Extermination camps	Arabs scourched, killed, raped African groups
8. Denial	Burning graves and covering up evidence	burning down camps	Government denies the Janjaweed. It was all "made up"

 

Some people may choose to deny a Genocide because they may believe that it never really was one, that the government may have been "out of control." Also, they may say that the "victims" and were being moved to a safe place the they are in now. When a person or society denies a genocide, it means that they are guilty of letting it happen and don't want to be stopped or punished.

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Russian Revolution

Russo Japanese War

I. Bloody Sunday
A. Russia enters WWI
1. Protests prompt Nicholas to abdicate
a. Duma sets up a temporary government
(1) Lenin returns from exile
(a) Bolsheviks seize control
i) Treaty of Brest-Liovsk
(1) Romanov family is murdered
(a) Russia civil war
i) War communisims
(1) New Economic Policy
(a) Construction established the Soviet Union
i) Lenin dies
(1) Stalin takes the power
(a) Stalin's five year plan
i) Collectivization of the Ukraine
(1) The Great Purge
(a) Anyone who has power is a threat to Stalin so he kills them or send them to labor camps. Fear = power
(b)
(2) Peasants could only keep collectives not animals.
Stalin had rich peasants arrested.
(a) This angers peasants and causes them to not send as much grain for the city people. This causes a famine
ii) Expand industrial production, Improving heavy industry, opportunities to women, education to skill workers
(1) Was supposed to help work and life for Russians
(b) Makes harsh rules for peasants and focuses more on people from the city that peasants
(2) Stalin comes to power
(3)
ii) Multinational, democratic and socialist, unites Soviet Socialists Republic
(b) NEP took War Communism, peasants allowed to sell crops for profit. Peasants were allowed to set up small business again. This was the beginning of rebuilding Russia
(2) Economic and political system that excited in Soviet Union
(3) Forced peasant to give extra food, enlist on military, all supply to government
(4)
ii) United Whites then disunited them, 3 years long, Bolsheviks won
1918-1921
(1) Whites against reds
(b) In the midst of their flee, they were gathered for a picture but killed instead
(2) Shows how revolutionaries are getting what they want
(3) End of war between Russia and Germany 1918
ii) Workers given back mines and factories.
(b) Works with Trovsky to gain popularity
(c) Peace, bread, and land
(d)
(2) When Russia's government collapsed due to the tsar, member of Duma set of Provisional Government
(a) People are happy that the tsar is stepping down
b. Nicholas leaves Petrograd to visit troops in February 22, 1917
2. Disputes and killings cause Russia to enter the war. This will lead Russia to have a lot of resource problems
3.
B. "Dogside Massacre" 26 unarmed civilian protestors were shot and killed
II. Rivalry between Japan and Russia for Korea and Manchuria
Russian Revolution Timeline

Five Stages:

The first stage fits perfect with Russia's characteristics of a wear government due to the stupidity of the tsar. The next stage, de facto, is the Duma government. This was a temporary ruling just to get the next stage for the next ruler. Third, counter revolutionaries, is the civil war in Russia. The people were tired of the unfair rulings and the unjust killings. People like Lenin and Trovsky tired to get people to demand more land, bread, and peace. The last stage, Messiah theory, is when Lenin finally came to power. This gave the people hope for food, freedom, and the ability to start businesses up again. Unfortunately, Stalin came into power after Lenin and put everyone to their doom.

Concluding Question:

To me, the three most catalyzing events in the Russian revolution were: Bloody Sunday, the Treaty of Brost-Liovsk and when Lenin dies and Stalin came to power. Bloody Sunday seemed like the last event that the people could handle. They were tired of all the killings and decided that enough was enough. The Treaty Brest-Liovsk ended the War between Germany and Russia. This showed that those who were revolutionizing were getting what they wanted. The last important event that happened was when Lenin died. In turn, Stalin become the leader. He was a very harsh leader that thought that fear was the route to power.

 

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Otto Dix triptych Trench Warfare 1932

Born in Germany in 1891, Otto Dix knew he had a passion for art due his cousin, Fritz Amann. By the time Dix was nineteen, he entered a school of academy for applied arts called Kunstgewerbeschule. Once World War I started, he enlisted as a German soldier. While on the front, he was wounded in the neck and was forced to go home. After being home for some time, he started painting images of the vivid nightmares he had been having. When Dix became an art teacher at Dresden Academy, the Nazis ordered him to step down from his teaching job. They took his paintings and burned them. Hitler locked up Dix in jail for seven years before he was released. Once he was out, he continued his war paintings until he died on July 25, 1969.

Dix’s paintings were heavily influenced by the horrors he witnessed during the war. The triptych Trench Warfare uses many different painting styles to accentuate the monstrosity of the war. For example, some parts of the image are fuzzy. This shows that since there are many deaths during the war, sometimes people are forgotten.  Another symbolic message is in the sky of the painting. Half is a dark brown color that represents death and despair and the other half is bright and warm, which represents freedom and hope. There are also mangled bodies, soldiers with gas masks, and corpses everywhere to give viewers an image of what the front war like.

"The Needlessness of War." Web log post. : Trench Warfare by Otto Dix 1932. Spikey, n.d. Web. 17  Mar. 2013. <http://theneedlessnessofwar.blogspot.com/2011/05/trench-warfarewar-by-otto-dix-1932_12.html>.
"Daily Artist." Web log post. : Otto Dix (December 2, 1891 – July 25, 1969). EEH, 02 Jan. 2011. Web. 17 Mar. 2013. <http://dailyartist.blogspot.com/2011/01/otto-dix-december-2-1891-july-25-1969.html>.